RULE id: dhruvā (43)
SOURCE: brihaddesi_sharma_1992 (vol_II_p018, vol_II_p036, vol_II_p039, vol_II_p040, vol_II_p133...)
SCOPE: technical_term family, Brihaddesi (Mātaṅga ~750 CE)
CONCEPT: dhruvā
STATUS: empirical

ASSERTIONS:
  - [relation] Avakṛṣṭā dhruvās will be explained in detail within the treatment of dhruvā
    -- p.vol_II_p018 "and we shall explain this within the treatment of dhruvā."
  - [enumeration] Dhruvā can be used in four varieties: complete (full svaras), hexatonic, pentatonic, and quadratonic structures
    -- p.vol_II_p018 "Thus should be known the fourfold usage of dhruvās (viz. complete, hexatonic, pentatonic, quadratonic)."
  - [relation] Gāndhārī is used in the singing of dhruvā in the third act of a drama
    -- p.vol_II_p036 "ध्रुवागाने तृतीयप्रेक्षणके विनियोगः।।"
  - [relation] Raktagāndhārī is prescribed for application in the dhruvā of the third act
    -- p.vol_II_p039 "The application is (prescribed) in the dhruvā pertaining to the third act."
  - [relation] The application of kaiśikī is prescribed in the dhruvā pertaining to the fifth act
    -- p.vol_II_p040 "The application is (prescribed) in the dhruvā pertaining to the fifth act."
  - [citation] The treatment of dhruvā is lost in the text, leaving an unfulfilled announcement by the author
    -- p.vol_II_p133 "Since the treatment of dhruvā is lost in the text, this 'announcement' of the author is unfulfilled."
  - [enumeration] Dhruvās comprises five types: prāveśikī, prāsādikī, ākṣepikī, sāntarā, and Naiskrāmikī
    -- p.vol_II_p160 "Naiskrāmikī is one of the five types of dhruvās, the other four being prāveśikī, prāsādikī, ākṣepikī and sāntarā."
  - [definition] Dhruvā is a metrical text performed in pūrvaranga using Sanskrit or prescribed non-lexical syllables, and within drama it is in Prākṛta
    -- p.vol_II_p163 "Dhruvāis a metrical text that is performed in pūrvaranga, where the compositions in Sanskrit or in prescribed non-lexical syllables are used. The dhruvā perform"
  - [structural] Not all alankāras are desirable in dhruvās because of excessive stretching of syllables
    -- p.vol_I_p062 "All of these are not desirable in the dhruvās,87 because of the (133) excessive 'stretching' of syllables (of the text)."
  - [structural] Syena, bindu and similar ornaments involving stretching should not be used in dhruvā performance according to their own measure
    -- p.vol_I_p062 "Syena or bindu or whichever others are (involved with stretching and) counter-stretching, they should not be used (lit. 'done') in the performance of dhruvās ac"
  - [structural] In dhruvā performance, ascending svaras should be used
    -- p.vol_I_p062 "In the performance of dhruvās, ascending svaras should be used."
  - [definition] Dhruvā should be formed in accordance with desired meaning and communicate that meaning
    -- p.vol_I_p062 "Because dhruvā that is formed in accordance with the (desired) meaning, has to be made the communicator of meaning"
  - [definition] dhruvā is the sounded one among the group of technical terms
    -- p.vol_I_p070 "dhruvā is the sounded25 one"
  - [structural] Excessive stretching is avowedly undesirable in dhruvās
    -- p.vol_I_p080 "'ati' is a better reading than śruti because śruti does not seem to fit into the context and excessive stretching is avowedly undesirable in dhruvās."
  - [relation] In dhruvās, comprehension of text meaning by the listener is important, so stretching of syllables through alaṅkāras is not desirable
    -- p.vol_I_p102 "In dhruvās (songs prescribed for highlighting different situations in drama), as distinct from gîtaka, the comprehension of meaning of text by the listener is v"

CITED_RULES:
  - alaṅkāra  (structural)
  - avakṛṣṭā dhruvās  (relation)
  - bindu  (structural)
  - gāndhārī  (relation)
  - hexatonic  (enumeration)
  - kaiśikī  (relation)
  - naiskrāmiki  (enumeration)
  - pentatonic  (enumeration)
  - prāsādikī  (enumeration)
  - prāvešikī  (enumeration)
  - pūrvaranga  (definition)
  - raktagāndhārī  (relation)
  - svaras  (enumeration)
  - svaras  (structural)
  - sāntarā  (enumeration)
  - ākṣepikī  (enumeration)
  - śrutis  (structural)
  - ध्रुवागाने  (relation)

CONFIDENCE: empirical
PROTECT: false