Upānga is a fourth category of deśī rāgas added by Sārngadeva
"Sārngadeva has added a fourth category named upānga."
VIMARŚA
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a bhāṣā is something that deserves special notice.
31. 'Pārvatī' is associated with parvata or mountains; whether or not
a particular mountainous region is implied, is hard to confirm. "Parvata is
1. a country in the Panjab to the north-west of Multan between the Ravi and
Sutlej. 2. same as Śrīśaila" (Nando Lal De ). It is difficult to say whether
the mountains in general or a particular mountainous region or either of
the two identifications cited above is intended.
Chapter V
(Deśī rāgas)
1. This verse bears a distinct stamp of the Tantric stream and is
significant on account of being placed in the beginning of the chapter on
desī rāgas. It could be conjectured on the evidence of this verse and on other
evidence also that our author gave rāga-dhyānas for deśī rāgas (see Vol.III).
2. Deśī rāgas are contradistinct to grāmarāgas.
3. Reference to laksya in the context of desi rāgas points to the fact that
they must have been in vogue in the author's time.
4. The citation in the name of Matanga given by Kalli, in his
commentary on SR II.2.1. also mentions these three types of desī-rāgas, but
Sārngadeva has added a fourth category named upānga.
5. 'Chāyā' is subtle similarity.
6. The special mention of panegyric in the context of bhāṣāṅga rāgas
is worth noticing.
7. 'Bhāṣā 'here would include vibhāṣā and antara-bhāṣā.
8. 'Kriyā' seems to stand for expressive rendering.
9. Karuņā and utsāha are two pervasive names that symbolise mādhurya
and ojas respectively (See Vol. III).
10. The text is mutilated at this point and a small portion on bhāṣāṅga
rāgas seems to have survived.
11. Kacchelli could perhaps, be related to Kacch (Cutch); "it was
called Marukaccha in contradistinction to Kausiki-kaccha". (Nando Lal
De).
12. Māngalī has been described as a bhāṣā in the preceding section.
13. Bhammāṇa is not known as a region.
14. 'Pulindikā' refers directly to the ethnic group known as the
pulindas.
15. Gāndhārasindhu is mentioned as a bhāṣāṅga rāga in S Rāj
II.2.3.203, but is said to be out of vogue and is not, therefore, described.
16. Karņātī is described in S Raj II.2.3.208, but the laksaņas are
different.