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TRANSLATION
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It is being said (answered) - It is one and many, pervasive<sup>6</sup> and eternal.<sup>7</sup> In the
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undifferentiated state there is one svara; in the form of sadja and the like svara is
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many.
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Similarly also said Kohala -
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"Svara is said to be infinite" on account of (its) combination with jāti, bhāṣā
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etc. It is combined with padas 9 (syllabic units, meaningful or non-sensical) and
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is to be combined with alankāra10 and (used in) rasas." 11
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(It is) eternal i.e. indestructible. 12 (It is) pervasive i.e. sarvagata 13 (contained
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in or permeating everything).
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Similarly said Kohala -
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"By the effort of the ūrdhvanāḍīs14 on account of rubbing or striking of all
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'walls', the sound that grows upto the cerebrum, is svara, it is vyāpaka
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(pervasive) (and) para (beyond).15
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(Anu. 17)
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But how is the svaratva 16 of (svara-names) şadja and the like, on account of
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their being consonants? If the svaratva of consonants is spoken of, then there
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should be the svaratva of (consonants) beginning with ka?
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Here it is being said (answered) that there is the svaratva of only şadja and
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the like on account of their being asādhāraņa 17 (lit. uncommon, special), not of
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(consonants) beginning with ka.
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But why (or how) is the uncommon or special nature of sadja and the like?
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(Answer) - on account of the upadesa 18 (speaking of) by the aptas (trusted ones)
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the asadharanatva (uncommonness, special nature) of svaras is there.
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So did say Maheśvara<sup>19</sup> in Kohala —
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"The peacock speaks şadja, the cātaka (bird) speaks ṛṣabha, the goat speaks
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gāndhāra, the kraunca (bird) speaks madhyama, in the puspasādhāraņa time
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(common time for flowers i. e. Spring) kokilā speaks pañcama, when the rainy
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season approaches, dardura (the frog) speaks dhaivata. O Devi ! in the same
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way, the elephant always speaks niṣāda."
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Or, only sadja and the like have uncommonness or special nature because of
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their movement in upward sound, or şadja and the like are not svaras, only
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(vowels) beginning with ākāra 20 are svaras. şadja and the like are there for the
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pronunciation of (vowels) beginning with ākāra, so (it is said).
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