prenkholita technical_term

95 TRANSLATION units (samakala). As - sari risa, riga gari, gama maga, mapa pama, padha dhapa, (12) dhani nidha, nisa sani. Thus is (ends) prenkholita. (Anu. 82) Where, having gone to the fourth or fifth svara from the amsa47 (beginning point of a given phrase), the lower (point) is again reached (returned to), that is tāramandra-prasanna.48 As—sarigamapasa, rigamapadhari, gamapadhaniga, mapadhanisama.49 Or, having gone to the higher (svara) from the lower one, the lower point is again suddenly reached (returned to), that is taramandra- (13) prasanna. (Anu. 83) Having suddenly reached the higher (svara) from the lower one, on account of gradual descent to the lower (initial svara) mandratāra-prasanna (comes into being). As - sapamagarisa, ridhapamagari, ganidhapamaga, masanidhapama. Or, having pronounced the higher (octave) svara after the lower svara, through gradual descent the low (svara) itself is reached, that is mandratāraprasanna. As - (14) sasanidhapamagarisa.50 Thus is (ends) mandratāraprasanna. (Anu. 84) Prastāra has two forms (obtaining in) the sthāyin (steady) and ārohin (ascending) (varna). Out of them, in the sthayin 51 (varna), one svara gradually ascends 'high' from itself and descends 'low'; and in the arohin (varna), prastara (is formed) by a svara that ascends 'high' from 'low' and descends. As - saririsa, sarigamapapamagarisa, sarigamamagarisa, sarigagarisa, sarigamapadhaninidhapamagarisa, sarigamapadhadhapamagarisa, sarigamapadhanisa 52 sanidhapamagarisa; Or, saririsa, rigagari, gamamaga, mapapama, padhadhapa, dhaninidha, nisasani. Thus is (ends) prastāra. (15) (Anu. 85) sanidhadhanisa, Prasada is the opposite of prastara. As - saninisa, sanidhapapadhanisa, sanidhapamamapadhanisa, sanidhapamagagamapadhanisa,

TRANSLATION 109 That which is gradually 'brightened' (made 'higher') is prasannādi (low in the beginning). Pronounced in the reverse⁹⁰ order it itself is called prasannānta. (138) Prasannādyanta is so desired (named) on account of there being 'low'-ness in the beginning and end. Prasannamadhya is so-called or so-named because of there being 'low'-ness in the middle. (139) Sama should be known (as such) on account of the equality of all (svaras) and it also stays or stops on one svara alone. Bindu comes back after having touched the 'high' composed of one kalā 91 (mātrā). (140) And nivitta-pravitta comes (back) after touching the 'low' (svara). And that which is with a sporting laya (roughly tempo) is called venu. (141) Kampita is known as such on account of shake in the chest-region (low svaras) for three kalās 92 (time-units). Kuhara is born (on account of) obstructed air in the throat (middle svaras). In the same way, recita is situated in the head (cerebrum) with shake in three kalās (time-units) (142, 143 ab). Prenkholita is that which sets forth in 'going' (ascent) and 'coming' (descent). (143 \text{ cd}) That which is the svara of the throat below (the cerebrum) is called tara, that which is seated in the chest is mandra, in the cerebrum is said to be tāratara. (144) The octave (tāra),93 fourth or fifth which comes (down) in successive order should be known by the wise as taramandraprasanna subsisting in the 'low' (mandra). (145) Omitting the subsequent (svaras) (and) gradually reaching the tara (high) from low should be known by the wise as mandratāraprasanna on account of (146) ascent. Gradually increasing by one svara (in each step) should be known to be named prastāra. Prastāra may become prasāda when it is gradually held back (i.e. comes down). (147)