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VIMARŚA
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is also used. This is how the distinction brought about by mandra and tara could be
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understood. Abhi Bhā on NŚ XXVII, p. 27 also seems to support this view.
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48. 'Sukha' has been translated here as convenience or it could be rendered
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as facility. The facility of the performer and listener is said here to be the
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objective of the distinction between mūrchanā and tāna. NŠ and Abhi Bhā have
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the reading 'nānātva' which means variety of mūrchanā and tāna, but since our
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author has tried to distinguish between murchana and tana, we have accepted
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the reading anyatvam which means distinction (see note 78 under textual notes
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on the section ). In NS mūrchanā-tāna is also a compound name for the 84
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tānas. BṛD does not use this compound and emphasises the distinction between
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the two; viz. mūrchanā and tāna.
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Brahaspati has commented on the reading 'variety' ( nānātvam ) of NŠ and
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said that the variety of murchana and tana accords facility to the performer by
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making possible the use of three sthanas (registers) and also the omission of
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svaras (according to a specific system as embodied in the 84 tanas). The
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distinction between murchana and tana brought out in the reading accepted by
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us could be construed to mean that mūrchanā as a complete scale in ascending
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and descending establishes the three sthanas and tana (involving omission)
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establishes a specific pattern in ascent. It is interesting to note that even today
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omission of one or two svaras is very effective in the ascent in all those ragas
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that involve omission in ascent and use the omitted svaras in descent. ( see
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glossary)
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49. Since specific omissions are prescribed for the two grāmas, tāna the result
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of this specific omission could be said to be the distinguishing feature between
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the jātis and rāgas of one grāma and the other.
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50. This applies to kūļa-tāna where permutation and combination is involved and
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definite numbering of each variety is effected. Retrieving the number of a given tana
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(arrangement of a given number of svaras) and retrieving the form of a tana whose
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number alone is given is known as uddista and nasta respectively. (see glossary)
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51, 52. The word tāna-prayoga is being used here to convey two things—in
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the first instance the number of tanas (permutation of a given number of
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svaras ) is implied and in the second instance the number of svaras constituting
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the specific tāna (combination of svaras) is implied.
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53, 54, 55 & 56. Krama is a combination of svaras where the original order
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remains intact and uthrama is a permutation where the original order is
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changed. The method of obtaining the number of kramas and utkramas of a
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given-number of svaras is like this—multiply the earlier numbers of a given
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number, without leaving any number in-between. For example if the number of
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svaras is six, <math>1 \times 2 \times 3 \times 4 \times 5 \times 6 = 720</math> would be the number of kramas and
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uthramas taken together; the last number of this series viz. 6 is the number of
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kramas and the remainder viz. 714 is the number of utkramas.
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57. 'Māna' could stand here for the measure (length, breadth and the like) of the
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viņā concerned. For example, kinnarī, the viņā with frets has been described in SRVI,
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