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<b>FOREWORD</b>
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The eighth in the series of the Kalāmūlašāstra, research and publication
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programme of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts is the Brhaddesi.
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As the name suggests, it is extensive and comprehensive. This is rightly
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considered the most important text on music after the Nāṭyaśāstra and Dattilam.
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In the Foreword to Mātrālakṣaṇam and Dattilam I had drawn attention to the
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importance of Mātrālakṣaṇam as embodying and manifesting musical structures
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of the Sama-Veda. Dattilam is the first autonomous text of music which
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enunciates a theory of sound, structure and composition quite distinct from the
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Nātyašāstra tradition. The Chapters of the Nātyašāstra dealing with music have
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posed many complex problems of editing and translation. While the Indira
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Gandhi National Centre for the Arts will publish this seminal text, it will take
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some time. Bṛhaddeśī, without doubt, is the next most important text between
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the Nāṭyaśāstra and Dattilam on the one hand and the fully evolved text, namely,
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the Sangita Ratnäkara on the other hand.
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In the case of Dattilam the editor had to rely on one manuscript. In case of
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Bṛhaddeśī the editing job is even more hazardous because the text has had to be
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reconstructed from excerpts by later writers. This task is challenging and
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requires mastery of the skills of collation and editing of a very high order. Dr.
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P.L. Sharma, the editor of this Volume who has devoted a life-time in
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unravelling the mysteries of the textual corpus in relation to the unbroken
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traditions and the practice of Indian music has assiduously reconstructed this
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text on the basis of the citations, has provided annotations, explanations and,
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naturally, translation. The work is being presented in three Volumes. The first
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two will present the text with a translation, notes and annotation. The third will
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be on the critique of the text in its totality with glossary, indices, appendices, etc.
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There has been only one printed edition of this text so far, i.e. Trivandrum
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Sanskrit Series in 1928. The present editor has considered that edition and has
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corrected the errors and many mutilations and confusions in that edition.
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In the context of music, one of the most common and fundamental questions
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which is asked is: "Did the Nātyaśāstra mention the Rāgas?". "When did Rāgas
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emerge?". In critical literature there has been a vast body of discussions on the
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subject and, naturally, scholars have taken pains to state that the Natyaśastra
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makes scanty mention of the Ragas. The source of musical structure and
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composition, both of Hindustani and Carnatic music, has to be traced back to
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the Brahaddesi. It is the Brhaddesi which for the first time makes a distinction
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between Jātis, Mūrchanās and Rāga. The author deals, at some length, with the
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forms and the characteristics of the seven pure Grāma Rāgas. Since this is the
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firm foundation of the system of Indian music, the text assumes great
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