vol_I_p023 — Bṛhaddeśī

Devanāgarī (Bṛhaddeśī)

किमत्र कारणम् ? उच्यते - ग्रामद्वयेऽप्यन्तरमूर्छना-प्रतिपादनार्थम्², यद्वा ग्रामद्वयेऽपि षड्जमध्यमस्वरौ₀मध्यपरौ ग्रामण्यौ भवतः⁶। अन्यस्वरास्तदग्रेसरा⁷

इति॥

इति तावन्भया प्रोक्ताः श्रुतयो ग्रामसंश्रिताः ॥५२॥

॥ इति श्रुतिप्रकरणम् ॥

IV [स्वर-प्रकरणम् ]

[तत्र स्वरलक्षणम्]

इदानी सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि स्वराणां च विनिश्चयम्।

तत्रादौ स्वरशब्दस्य व्युत्पत्तिरिह कथ्यते।।५३॥

राजृ दीप्ताविति•वस्प1 धातोः स्वशब्दपूर्वकस्य च।

स्वयं<del>2हि</del> यो राजते यस्मात् तस्मादेष स्वरः स्मृतः॥५४॥ ेतस्मात् स्वर इति

। अनु. १५ ।

ननु स्वर इतितथा चाह कोहलः - किम् ? उच्यते - रागजनको ध्वनिः स्वर इति।

"आत्मेच्छया∘च्या₊⁴ महीतलाद्⁵नाभि₃ वायुरुद्यविधार्यतेनाडीभित्तौ तथाऽऽकाशे ध्वनी॰ रक्तः स्वरः स्मृतः॥"नि।

हि

[अनु. १६]

ननु स्वर एवं स्यादेकोऽनेको वा, व्यापकोऽव्यापको वा, नित्योऽनित्यो वा स्यात् । अत्रोच्यते - एकोऽनेको व्यापको नित्यश्चेति⁵। तत्र निष्कलरूपेणैकः स्वरः

षइजादिरूपेणानेकः स्वरः⁸।

English — Sharma (translation)

expound antara - mūrchanā 66 in both the grāmas, or in both the grāmas, şadja and madhyama svaras become grāmanīs67 (leader of grāma), the other svaras become their agre-sara 68 (movers in front).

(52)

Thus I have spoken of the śrutis that are seated in grāma.69 Here ends the section on srutis. IV [The Section on Svaras]

[The laksana of svaras]

Now I shall speak of the ascertainment of svaras. In this context, initially, the

(53)

etymology of the word 'svara' is being spoken about. From the root raje, meaning brilliance, to which is prefixed the word sva (the word 'svara' is derived); because (the meaning is) that which shines by

(54)

itself, hence it is known as svara.

[Anu. 15]

But what is meant by svara? It is being answered - the dhvani (sound) which is the progenitor of raga? (lit. colour, delight) is svara. Similarly, also said Kohala. "By the will of the atman, the vayu (that is) moving upward from the base of the 'earth's (nābhi, navel) (and) is held on the 'wall'4 of the nādīs and in the space, is known as svara, the delightful⁵ sound." (Anu. 16) But svara in this way is one or many, pervasive or non-pervasive or is it eternal or non-eternal⁵?

Sanskrit attestations (8)

1.[attribution]Kohala provides a definition of svara as sound produced by vāyu held in the nāḍī walls and space, generated by ātman's willतथा चाह कोहलः - "आत्मेच्छया महीतलाद् वायुरुद्यविधार्यते। नाडीभित्तौ तथाऽऽकाशे ध्वनी॰ रक्तः स्वरः स्मृतः।"

2.[definition]antara-mūrchanā is a procedure for demonstrating interval differences between the two grāmasग्रामद्वयेऽप्यन्तरमूर्छना-प्रतिपादनार्थम्

3.[definition]dhvani (sound) that is the progenitor of rāga is defined as svaraरागजनको ध्वनि स्वर इति

4.[definition]The word svara is derived from the root 'raje' (brilliance) with prefix 'sva', meaning that which shines by itselfराज?ृ दीप्ताविति धातो स्वशब्दपूर्वकस्य च। स्वयं यो राजते यस्मात् तस्मादेष स्वरः स्मृतः

5.[enumeration]Svara is enumerated as simultaneously one and many, pervasive and non-pervasive, eternal and non-eternalएकोऽनेको व्यापको नित्यश्चेति

6.[structural]In both grāmas, śadja and madhyama svaras function as grāmanīs (leaders of grāma)ग्रामद्वयेऽपि षड्जमध्यमस्वरौ ग्रामण्यौ भवतः

7.[structural]Other svaras than śadja and madhyama become agre-sara (movers in front) in both grāmasअन्यस्वरास्तदग्रेसरा

8.[structural]Svara exists in both a formless unified state (niṣkala-rūpa) and as multiple individual forms (svaras like ṣaḍja)निष्कलरूपेणैकः स्वरः षइजादिरूपेणानेकः स्वरः

English attestations (1)

5.[enumeration] ⇄Svara is enumerated as simultaneously one and many, pervasive and non-pervasive, eternal and non-eternalsvara in this way is one or many, pervasive or non-pervasive or is it eternal or non-eternal