DEFINE śruti-maṇḍala(
madhyamagrāma): position(svara) determined by transgressing N śrutis then locating svara on (N+1)th śruti; map = {madhyama:4_after_3_transgressed, ṣaḍja:4_after_3, pañcama:3_after_2, niṣāda:2_after_1, ṛṣabha:3_after_2_left, dhaivata:4_after_3_from_pañcama, gāndhāra:2_after_1_from_ṛṣabha}