(That which) reaches the heart quickly from the other (svara) is known as
rṣabha. Just as the big bull seated (or standing) among the female gos (cows)
looks splendid, similar is this svara ṛṣabha 54
born in the svara-grāma (gamut)6.
(56, 57 ab)
That which holds the ganatmika vak (musical vak) is named as gandhara2.55
<math>(57 \text{ cd})</math>
Madhyama svara is known to be so because of being the middle one among
svaras.56
Pañcama is that which measures the elaboration of svaras.57 (58)
Or, it is
pañcama (fifth) in number in the order of pāṭha (lit. reading aloud
or recitation, here enumeration). Dhīvān is one who has got dhī (buddhi,
intellect), the one related to him (dhivan) is
dhaivata.58
(59)
Or
It is known as dhaivata because it is held on the sixth sthana (location)3.
(60 ab)
The place of
dhaivata is in the lalāţa (forehead), this is the meaning.59
Niṣāda is known as such because all the svaras rest upon it.60
<math>(60 \text{ cd})</math>
(Anu. 29)
But why is the rule that there are (only) seven svaras? It is being said
(answered) - (This rule is there) in the same way as (in the human body) seven
dhātus alone beginning with rasa61 are to be accepted in accordance with their
being dependent on seven dhātus62 (minerals).
Similarly said Suśruta -
Tvak (lit. skin, here serum), blood, flesh, fat, bone, marrow and semen,
these are dhātus41. Similarly, svaras are only seven on account of being dependent
on or dwelling in seven cakras 63 or seven dvipas 64 (lit. islands).
[The castes of sveres]
The svaras (comprised of) four śrutis are brāhmaņas,65 the ones (comprised
of) three śrutis are kṣatriyas,66 the ones with two śrutis should be known as
(61)
vaisyas 67 and
the antara-svaras are śūdras9.68
[The drawing out of svara signs as contained in agama]
Having acquired the eight groups beginning with akara and ending with
ya-śa, one should draw out70 the heptad of svaras (their abbreviated names i.e.
solfa-syllables) combined with letters and mātrās (vowel-endings).
(62)
