Yāṣṭika proper_noun

[Chapter IV] Now the definition of bhāṣās [The beginning of the treatment of bhāṣās] [ A. Bhāṣās according to Yāṣṭika] [Thus spoke Yāṣṭika¹] I have spoken of all grāma-rāgas endowed with characteristics (lakṣaṇas). After this, I shall speak of the description of bhāṣās? Now listen. (1) Bhāṣās have been said to be four-fold viz. mūlā (basic) sankīrņā (mixed), ^4 deśajā^5 (regional) (and) chāyāmātrāśrayā^6 (based on the chāyā of a rāga ), arranged in a grāma-rāga in each case. (2) [Thus said Kaśyapa] What is the nature of bhāṣā? Sankīrṇā, deśajā and chāyāmātrānugā (exclusively following the chāyā of a rāga) have been said to be combined with graha, aṁśa and nyāsa. (3) Which one is hexatonic there and which one is pentatonic? Which one, on the other hand, is complete and that which has 'sādhāraṇa'?? (4) Which one, of what nature, where in grāma-rāgas, is sung by people? Which one is obtained as bhāṣā and which one is vibhāṣā 8? (5) Which one is antara-bhāṣā ⁹ and which one falls in sequence? Tell me this in essence; I have great curiosity. (6) Thus said Yāşţika - Listen with attention the excellent description of bhāṣā which is sung with effort on the earth by the knowledgeable ones in music. 10 (7) These (bhāṣās) are not perceived obviously by the singers who do not put in effort. 11 When sung properly, they become well-known, specially to those who are endowed with a tuneful voice. (8)

BRHADDEŚĪ 166 कैशिकी पञ्चमन्यासा ९॰मध्यमांशा निदुर्बला । मध्यमधैवतयानं बाहुल्यं पञ्चमस्य तु ॥ ॰मात्र एषा ९१भाषा तु सङ्कीर्णा नित्यं पञ्चमसम्भवा ॥ १०२॥ उदाहरणम् -पामाधानिधापापा पा धा नी धा धा धा मा मा माधामाधाधानीसासारिरीपापा माधा- मा ध म ध ध मा मा धा नि रि पा पा । कैशिकी । [१०] एता याष्टिकनिर्दिष्टा भाषा दश च पञ्चमे ॥ १०३॥ एकादश [६. अथ भिन्नषड्ज?] अतःपरं प्रवक्ष्यामि भाषा वै भिन्नषड्जके ॥ १०४॥ भि(न? न्न)॰ धैवतांशा तदन्ता च पञ्चमर्षभवर्ज?िता । षड्जगान्धारसञ्चारा भित्रषड्ज? प्रयोक्तृभिः॥ पञ्चमस्य एषा हि शुद्धा^९२ विज?्ञेया षड्जहीनौडुवा [?]भवेत्^९३॥ १०५॥ विशुद्धा उदाहरणम्-धाधामागामागगसनिसनिसनिधनिधा धा नि मा मा गा मा ग सा नि ध नि नि धा धा नि सा ध ॰पा मा म ध म गा ग म सा सा सा गा मा गा स नि नि नि धा धा धा गा म ध मा गा स ग स गा मा ग म ध म ध सा गा सा सा मा धा (म्प? म) ^.मामासासानिधानिधानीगासानिधानिधा । सानिनिनसनिधाधाधानिधाममधमधमसागामधा विशुद्धा^१४। [१] धैवतांशा धैवतान्ता षड्जधैवतसङ्गता । षड्जधैवतयोश्चैवर्षभमध्यमयोगीतिः॥ ॰योस्तु+ऋपफ ॰स्तथा ^९५विभाषा दाक्षिणात्या च देशाख्या ^९७षड्जसम्भवा ॥ १०६॥ ^९६पाडवा चेयं

268 BRHADDEŚĪ 35. cf. (i) रिसयोः समयोर्युक्ता टक्कजा रविचन्द्रिका । Kalā (appendix) on SR II, p. 136. (ii) सङ्गता समयोधेव रिगयोधाल्पसप्तमा । S Rāj II.2.1.516 ab. 36. P.t. adds 'takkarāgajā', which does not fit into the metre. 37. Reconstruction based on - (i) मध्यमांशग्रहा पड्जन्यासा पञ्चमवर्ज?िता । S Rāj II.2.1. 818 ab. (ii) अम्बाहेरी टक्कभाषा देशाख्या पञ्चमोञ्झिता । Kalā (appendix) on SR II, p.136. 38. Reconstruction based on S Rāj II.2.1.745 a cited below under (ii). 39. cf. (i) टकभाषैव ललिता ललितैरुक्तरैः स्वरैः ॥ पड्ज?ांशग्रहणन्यासा पड्जमन्द्रा रिपोज?्झिता । धीरैवीरोत्सवे प्रोक्ता तारगान्धारधैवता ॥ SR II.2.174 cd, 175. (ii) टक्कभापैव ललिता ग्रहांशन्यासपङ्जभाक् । पञ्चमर्पभहीना च तारगान्धारधैवता ॥ पङ्ज?ानुमन्द्रबहुला गमधस्वरराज?िता । लिता लितैः स्तोभैलीलतैहत्कटैः स्वरैः ॥ षाडवा याष्ट्रिकमते ऋपभैकविलोपतः। सङ्ग्रामे विनियोक्तव्या वीरोत्साहविवर्धनी ॥ S Rāj II.2.1.743-745. 40. cf. औंडुवा निपलोपेन याष्ट्रिकस्य मते मता । S Rāj 11.2.1.774ab SR II.2.143b describes it as being devoid of pañcama alone. 41. Reading in Kalā (appendix) on SR II. p. 134. S Rāj II.2.1.820 f reads-‘ pūrņasvaroditā ’i.e. complete in svaras. 42,43. S.Rājgives two bhāṣāsas madhyamagrāmadehā and madhyamadehā, the former bears similarity with the madhyamadehā of our text, as - मध्यमांशग्रहा पड्जन्यासा टक्कसमुद्भवा । पड्जमध्यमसङ्गत्या(त्यो)पचिता मध्यगानयुक् ॥ मध्यमग्रामदेहेयं भाषा पूर्णस्वरोदिता ॥ S Rāj II.2.1.820. Madhyamadehā is different as- पङ्ज?ांशग्रहणन्यासा पञ्चमर्षभवर्ज?िता । तारधैवतगान्धारा मन्द्रमध्यमसम्भवा ॥ मध्यधैवतपड्ज?ाख्या नियोज?्या वीर उत्तमे ।

²⁷⁷ PĂTHAVIMARŚA पांशग्रहान्ता सम्पूर्णा भाषा मालवपञ्चमे । वनेषु कामिनीसङ्गे नियोज?्या ऋषिकैनरैः॥ विभावनीति तामेवाचष्ट याष्टिकसत्तमः॥ 122. The name of this bhāṣā is read as mālavā at the end of the illustration and so it is in S Rāj II.2.1.905. 123,124. cf. सञ्चारः सधयोर्यस्या रिधयोधैव दृश्यते । Kalā (appendix) on SR II, p. 137. 125. In spite of this adjective indicating the completeness of this bhāṣā, the illustration omits ṣaḍja. 126. SR II. 1. 30 cd reads this name as bhinnavalitā and so does S Rāj II.2.1.131 c; ibid 88a reads bhinnalalitā and ibid 907c reads bhinnavallikā. Our text seems to change bhinnavalikā to bhinnavālikā in verse 34 c in order to meet the demand of metre, the sixth syllable being required to be long. At this point of our text the change to bhinnalālikā or bhinnalālitā seems to involve an error of deciphering or copying. 127. Kalā (appendix) on SR II, p.137 reads 'magrahāmśā' describing madhyama as graha and aṁśa. 128. cf. पञ्चमांशग्रहा धान्ता पूर्णा मध्यमभूयसी । मध्यमग्रामगा भाषा धनिसङ्गतिराज?िता ॥ द्राविडी देशनाम्रेयं विख्याता याष्ट्रिकोदिता ॥ S Rāj II.2.1.912. The illustration in our text is not in accordance with any of the three divergent descriptions viz. those in our text, Kalā and S Rāj. 129. The dual number of the instrumental case has been changed to the same number of the genitive case, because the instrumental case would require reference to some other svara with which the two svaras composed of two śrutis each are supposed to have to and fro movement. Kalā (appen- dix) on SRII, p. 141 reads 'nigayo rigayoryuktā'. ्सम्पूर्णा, यं विना बाह्मपाडवा कैधिदिप्यते । ¹³⁰. cf. S Rāj II.2.1.107 cf. 131. Corresponding to this, S Rāj II.2.1.1081 gives a bhāṣā named națță, which is described as being complete. पञ्चमांशान्तिमा ताना भिन्नताने रिवर्ज?िता । ¹³². cf. सकाकलिका शृङ्गारे विनियुक्ता पुरातनैः ॥ ताना भाषैकिका भिन्नताने याष्ट्रिकसम्मता ॥ S Rāj 11.2.1.1097,1099. The illustration of this bhāṣā is not available in our text; the illustration contained in p.t. at this point as follows seems to be out of place, since rşabha --------------------------------------