graha svara_role

n er ¹¹ TRANSLATION the jātis (castes). Just as in human beings there are castes such as brahmin and the like, that are both pure and mixed (or altered), similarly these jātis are also (twofold). [Thus ends the general definition.] [4. The tenfold lakṣaṇas or characteristics] Now he (the author) spoke (speaks) about the tenfold lakṣaṇa - Graha (initial note), aṁśa (fundamental note), tāra (high), mandra (low) and ṣāḍava (hexatonic) and similarly auḍuvita (pentatonic) and similarly alpatva (sparseness), bahutva (profusion) and nyāsa and apanyāsa - these are said to form the group of ten jāti-lakṣaṇas that operate in the respective jātis. The definition of this group of ten is being given in brief. (209-210) [1. The definition of graha] [Anu.119] Out of these (lakṣaṇas), graha is that with which the performance of jāti and the like is begun (lit . held or caught). That ( graha ) should be known to have sixty-three varieties just like aniśa. (Objection) What is the difference between graha and anisa? It is being answered - aṁśa is vādī alone i.e. only the vādī 10 is prescribed to be the 1 amsa,but graha is fourfold according to the distinction of vādī and the like (samvādī, vivādī and anuvādī). Or there is the distinction of predominance and subordination between the two. Graha is subordinate ( to aṁśa). ŧ (Objection) Why is the predominance of amsa alone being spoken of? Because of its being the progenitor 11 of raga (delight or colour) and because of its being pervasive, the predominance of anisa alone (is accepted). Although graha and anisa are predominant in all the jatis and this is proved by utsarga¹² (general rule), yet it is being prescribed through the vidhi¹³ (operation) of samvādī and anuvādī. Similarly said Bharata – "Graha is said to be like the amsa in all the jātis. The amsa that becomes the starting point of geya (melodic organisation and performance) assumes an alternative form as graha." (NŚ XXVIII.67)

BRHADDEŚĪ ²⁰² [२. माङ्गाली] गान्धारग्रहन्यासा च षड्ज?ांशा तारवर्ज?िता । समन्द्रा सस्वरा[?]चैव परिहीना सदा भवेत् ॥ ३५४॥ सिका षड्ज?ांशा धग्रहन्यासा धमन्द्रा तारतत्परा । समस्वरा च सम्पूर्णा माङ्गाली गीयते जनैः८॥ ३५५॥ (पी?गी)॰ [३. भम्माणिका] पञ्चमांशग्रहन्यासा गमन्द्रा षड्जतारका । रिहीना च धगस्वल्पा ज?्ञेया भम्माणिका बुधैः १॥ ३५६॥ [४. पुलिन्दिका] षड्ज?ांशा धैवतन्यासा गपहीना पुलिन्दिका । +ग्रहन्यासा षड्जधैवतसंवादो धैवतर्षभयोस्तथा १०॥ ३५७॥ ॰संघादा [५. गान्धारसिन्धु ] १९गान्धारसिन्धु .....॥ ३५८॥ [६. कार्णाटी] १२षड्जन्यासग्रहा धांशा गतारा मन्द्रमध्यमा । समस्वरा च सम्पूर्णा कर्णाटी नामतो भवेत्रवा ३५९॥ नामत(द्भ?भ)वेत् ॥ इति मतङ्गमुनिविरचितबृहद्देश्या देशीरागाध्यायो नाम पञ्चमः समाप्तः ॥ भाषालक्ष(णो?णा)